Photovoltaic solar energy

Photovoltaic solar energy comes from the conversion of sunlight into electricity in semi-conducting materials like silicon or covered with a thin metal layer. These photosensitive materials have the property to liberate electron under the influence of an external energy. This is the photovoltaic effect.

What tools available for engineer to analyze the chemical hazards of industrial processes?

Hazard Operability (HAZOP) was develop by Imperial Chemical Industrie (ICI) in the early 1970s. It has since been adapted in various industyries. The Union of Chemical Industries (UIC) in 1980 published a French version of this method in his note book security N°2. "Safety study of fluid flow pattern." Considering a systematic drift of the parameters of an instalation to identify the causes and consequences, this method is particulary useful for the examination of thermo-hydrolic systems, where parameters such as flow, temperature, pressure, level, concentration...are particulary important for the safety of the installation. By its nature, this method requires the examination of such plans and diagrams process flow diagrams or PID (iping and Instrumentation Diagram)...

Generation IV nuclear reactor. What options of France and why?

The assurance of energy supply is the daily concern of poor countries in oil, gas, or coal. The rising social and economic exchange between countries is a world view that we must now hear in mind. of the six billion people in the world today, two billion do not yet have access to electricity, and this is one of the vectors. By 2050 we will be eight billion. To meet this demand and human logic and poor countries to follow parallel developments in rich countries, we have to multiply by 1.5 or 2 the world's energy by 2050, although there attacks now a policy of energy conversion. This trend will increasingly be in a situation where the deadlines of fossil reserves saw by specialists are biginning to worry them, these limits can still be a bit postponed, provided to increase the price of obtaining fuel fossil sought. The deadlines we see state and that moe must view with caution, would be less than 100 years for oil and gas, and 200 to 300 year for coal. But these low times now require compliance with an environmental polivy already under the threat of global warming and the drastic reduction of CO2, invading waste carbon from fossil fuels...

Quebec: Vaperma threatened

Vaperma Company have serious problem. Specialist of biofuels refinery technology is desperatetly seeking new financial parters to ensure the continuation of its activities and, especially, the commercialization of its flagship product, the polymer membrane (Siftek) used in the process deshydratation of ethanol.

STS -135 The final mission of the space shuttle

International Year of Chemistry 2011

You can participate in the IYC 2011 in many ways. Here are just a few ideas and sample activities of earlier projects. What are you going to do? think and start planing...